Battery and Ultra-Capacitor Based Hybrid Energy Storage System Utilizing a Multi-Input DC-DC Buck-Boost Converter

Authors

  • Monowar Mahmud Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh
  • Tarek Abedin Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, College of Engineering, University Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Malaysia
  • Kazi Zehad Mostofa Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York, 13676, USA
  • Atiqur Rahman Department of CSE, Chittagong Independent University, Chittagong-4000, Bangladesh
  • Mohammad Khairul Basher Institute of Electronics, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh
  • Mohammad Nur-E-Alam Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.13052/jgeu0975-1416.1318

Keywords:

Ultra capacitor (UC), hybrid energy storage system (HESS), multi-input single-output (MISO) converters

Abstract

Hybrid power systems have evolved into a vital component of contemporary power networks, finding application in various domains ranging from automotive to small-scale off-grid setups. Their purpose is to optimize the utilization of diverse energy sources. This study delves into the efficacy of integrating ultra-capacitors and batteries synergistically. Employing a multi-input converter to drive a variable DC load, the aim is to minimize losses and expenses. In the proposed configuration, a single inductor is utilized, facilitating the integration of a variable array of distributed energy sources. Notably, this converter expedites ultra-capacitor (UC) charging by offering a low inductance pathway, distinguishing it from conventional multi-input DC-DC converters. This proposed topology is bidirectional and adaptable to accommodate varying numbers of energy sources. The obtained numerical results reveal the converter’s effectiveness in stabilizing output voltage and current, making it suitable for multiple applications like electric vehicles, fuel cell systems, and renewable energy integration. Additionally, in the proposed topology, the results showed that it could charge a 2000F UC from a 300V source from 40% to 100% in just 400s and from a 150V battery from 20% to over 90% in just 200s due to the single inductor present in the charging path. Moreover, the load voltages are below 2% in all operational modes when either one or two sources are driving the load. Future research may focus on refining control algorithms to further enhance system efficiency and expand its applicability across different sectors.

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Author Biographies

Monowar Mahmud, Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Monowar Mahmud completed his graduation from Bangladesh University of Engineering & Technology in Electrical and Electronic Engineering in 2017. After that, he worked in a renowned public electricity distribution company as an assistant engineer for 4 years. He is currently pursuing his master’s degree at Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Malaysia alongside working in the photonics laboratory as a graduate research assistant at the same institution.

Tarek Abedin, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, College of Engineering, University Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Malaysia

Tarek Abedin pursued his bachelor’s degree in electrical and electronics engineering from American International University, Bangladesh in 2016. He is currently continuing his PhD at Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN), Malaysia on Hydrogen fuel cells and working as a research assistant. Previous projects he has done are “Voice Controlled Humanoid Surveillance Robot”, and HVDC Dynamic Modelling for Power System Stability Assessment, and have done a plethora of Automation Based projects. His research interests include Hydrogen fuel cells, machine learning robotics, automation technology, and control-based maintenance technology.

Kazi Zehad Mostofa, Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York, 13676, USA

Kazi Zehad Mostofa is a graduate student specializing in Electrical and Computer Engineering at Clarkson University, Potsdam, NY, with a focus on Power and Renewable Energy Engineering. He earned his bachelor’s degree in electrical engineering from Universiti Malaya, Malaysia in 2022, where he conducted innovative research in renewable energy, supported by the Universiti Malaya Undergraduate Research Fellowship Grant for his final year project on sustainable energy systems. Before pursuing his master’s, Mr. Mostofa served as a Research Assistant at the Next Generation Energy Lab, University of Malaya, where he designed hybrid PV systems for school buildings achieving up to 78% energy self-sufficiency and significant carbon emission reductions. He also developed energy optimization models using HOMER Pro, Python, MATLAB and contributed to actionable insights for regulatory compliance and sustainability initiatives. Additionally, as a Product Research and Development Engineer at Penco Electronics, he implemented IoT-based real-time energy monitoring systems with 92% efficiency and improved product reliability through hardware and software troubleshooting.

His teaching and research expertise includes topics such as renewable energy systems, microgrid design, energy management, and IoT applications in energy monitoring. His projects range from EV charging station performance optimization to microgrid economic dispatch modeling. His publications include works on all-PV blended system design, net-zero building energy design, self-sustainable cold storage design, and microgrid optimization. He has presented his research findings at several prestigious international conferences and symposiums.

Atiqur Rahman, Department of CSE, Chittagong Independent University, Chittagong-4000, Bangladesh

Atiqur Rahman is an Assistant Professor and Head of the Computer Science and Engineering Department at Chittagong Independent University (CIU), Bangladesh. He earned his MPhil by Research from the Department of Electronic Systems Engineering at the Malaysia-Japan International Institute of Technology, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 2020, with a thesis focused on developing an energy-efficient routing protocol for hierarchical cognitive radio ad hoc networks. Prior to that, he completed a combined B.Sc. and M.Sc. in Engineering at Kharkov National University of Radio Electronics in 1999, where he received “excellent” marks for his thesis on the development of network composition based on fast Ethernet technology. His teaching expertise includes courses such as Wireless Communication, Data Communication, Digital Logic Design, and Discrete Mathematics. Besides his teaching responsibilities, Mr. Rahman is actively involved in research, with interests in wireless communication, and smart energy systems. His publications include works on automated smart car parking systems employing Internet of Things technology and mobile edge computing for IoT security and privacy issues.

Mohammad Khairul Basher, Institute of Electronics, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka 1349, Bangladesh

Mohammad Khairul Basher is a researcher specializing in materials science and renewable energy technologies. He earned his PhD from Edith Cowan University (ECU) in Perth, Australia, where his research focused on developing aesthetically appealing building-integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems for net-zero energy buildings. Prior to his doctoral studies, Dr. Basher completed a Master of Philosophy (M.Phil) in Materials Science at the Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET) from 2011 to 2016. He also holds a Master of Science (M.S) and a Bachelor of Science (B.Sc) in Applied Physics, Electronics & Communication Engineering from the University of Chittagong, completed between 2002 and 2008.

Dr. Basher served as a Senior Scientific Officer at the Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission, contributing to various research projects in the field. His research interests include colored photovoltaics, agrophotovoltaics, sustainable energy harvesting systems, and net-zero energy buildings.

Mohammad Nur-E-Alam, Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000 Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia

Mohammad Nur-E-Alam received Ph.D. from Edith Cowan University, Australia. He is an active research professional in the field of Materials Science and Engineering. His work is of high quality, and international standard and represents true eminence in his research field. He is an experienced researcher with a demonstrated history of working in the higher education industry. He has co-authored several high-impact research articles published in international peer-reviewed journals. His research areas and interests are Magneto-photonic/plasmonic crystals, thin film materials, coatings, and applications, Micro/Nanofabrication processes, Optical microstructures, smart energy harvesting systems, hybrid energy systems, and renewable energy.

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Published

2025-02-18

How to Cite

Mahmud, M., Abedin, T., Mostofa, K. Z., Rahman, A., Basher, M. K., & Nur-E-Alam, M. (2025). Battery and Ultra-Capacitor Based Hybrid Energy Storage System Utilizing a Multi-Input DC-DC Buck-Boost Converter. Journal of Graphic Era University, 13(01), 155–182. https://doi.org/10.13052/jgeu0975-1416.1318

Issue

2025: Vol 13 Iss 1

Section

Articles

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